Sabtu, 17 Maret 2018

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Korowai Tribe, an Isolated Tribe in the Inland of Papua


There are many tribes in Papua, every tribes have their own language, culture, and tradition. One of the most unique tribe that many have not heard of is the Korowai tribe in Papua. The tribe was first encountered by the outside world by the Christian missionaries in the 1970’s. The Korowai tribe in Papua lives in the remote inland of Papua and has isolated themselves from the rest of the world until being found by the Christian missionaries.
The Korowai tribe in Papua, have traditions, language, and cultures that are completely different from other more well-known Papua tribes such as Dani, Asmat, and others. For instance, they do not use koteka, one of the most iconic item from Papua. Instead, they only use clothes that are being made from leafs. Not only that, the Korowai tribe in Papua build their houses at the top of the tree, with the height that can reach around 50 meter above ground level. These houses are called Rumah Tinggi or the High House. These houses are designed by the Korowai tribe in Papua to protect them from flood, wildfire, and wild animal attacks.

The Korowai tribe is also known as great hunters who hunts for their food. They usually hunt for wild animals like boars, cassowaries, snakes, lizards, and deer. There is however, a misconception that the Korowai tribe also included human in their food chain. True, that the Korowai tribe practices cannibalism. But, they do not consume human out of hunger or feeding necessity. They consume human as a form of punishment for those who are deemed guilty of practicing witchcraft (khuakhua). Yes, you read that correctly. Cannibalism in Korowai tribe is a part of their judicial system. The meat of the khuakhua is usually shared to all of the village members in their tribe. However, along the the time, and the Korowai tribe is becoming more and more open to the outside world, this tradition of cannibalism slowly diminishes.

Because of the isolation and the uniqueness of their culture, many scholars have come to Papua to study them. The first case of Korowai tribe study was in 1979 by the dutch missionaries. Later on he built a settlement that is being called Yarinuma. Since then, the Korowai tribe in Papua has opened up to the outside world. The team from Human Planet documentary, BBC, have even came and visited them in January – February 2011, to record the unique culture. One Anthropologist from Reed College, Oregon, Rupert Stasch, has even lived with them for 16 months to study and observe their culture.

Source: http://papuanews.org/korowai-tribe-papua/


Translate:

Suku Korowai, Suku Terasing di Pedalaman Papua
Ada banyak suku di Papua yang memiliki bahasa, budaya dan tradisinya masing-masing. Suku paling unik yang tidak banyak diketahui adalah suku Korowai di Papua. Suku ini pertama kali dijamah dunia luar yaitu oleh misionaris Kristen tahun 1970an. Suku Korowai hidup di pedalaman terpencil Papua dan telah mengasingkan diri mereka dari seluruh dunia sampai akhirnya ditemukan oleh misionaris Kristen.

Suku Korowai memiliki tradisi, bahasa, dan budaya yang sangat berbeda dari suku Papua terkenal lain seperti Dani, Asmat, dan lain-lain. Misalnya mereka tidak memakai koteka, hal yang paling melambangkan Papua. Mereka malah hanya memakai pakaian yang terbuat dari dedaunan. Tidak hanya itu, suku Korowai membangun rumahnya di atas pohon, dengan ketinggian mencapai 50 meter diatas permukaan tanah. Rumah ini disebut Rumah Tinggi. Rumah ini dirancang oleh suku Korowai untuk melindungi mereka dari banjir, kebakaran dan serangan hewan liar.

Suku Korowai juga dikenal sebagai pemburu hebat yang berburu untuk mencari makan. Mereka biasanya memburu hewan liar seperti babi hutan, kasuari, ular, kadal dan rusa. Namun ada kesalahpahaman bawa suku Korowai juga memasukan manusia dalam rantai makananya. Benar, bahwa suku Korowai menerapkan kanibalisme. Tetapi mereka tidak memakan manusia karena lapar atau kebutuhan makanan. Mereka memakan manusia sebagai bentuk hukuman bagi mereka yang dianggap bersalah karena melakukan sihir (khuakhua). Ya, kamu membaca dengan benar. Kanibalisme di suku Korowai adalah bagian dari sistem peradilan mereka. Daging khuakhua biasanya dibagikan ke semua anggota desa suku Korowai. Tetapi, seiring berjalannya waktu, suku Korowai menjadi lebih membuka diri kepada dunia, tradisi kanibalisme inipun perlahan mulai dikurangi.

Karena keterasingan dan keunikan budaya mereka, banyak ilmuwan datang ke Papua untuk mempelajarinya. Penelitian kasus pertama suku Korowai adalah tahun 1979 oleh misionaris Belanda. Kemudian dia membuat permukiman yang disebut Yarinuma. Sejak saat itu, suku Korowai membuka diri kepada dunia. Tim dari dokumenter Human Planet, BBC, pernah datang dan mengunjungi mereka pada Januari-Februari 2011 untuk merekam keunikan budayanya. Seorang antropolog asal Reed College, Oregon, Rupert Stasch, bahkan pernah tinggal bersama mereka selama 16 bulan untuk belajar dan mengamati kebudayaan mereka.

Sumber: http://papuanews.org/korowai-tribe-papua/


Google translate:

Suku Korowai, Suku Terisolasi di Pedalaman Papua
Ada banyak suku di Papua, setiap suku memiliki bahasa, budaya, dan tradisi masing-masing. Salah satu suku paling unik yang belum pernah didengar banyak adalah suku Korowai di Papua. Suku ini pertama kali dihadapi oleh dunia luar oleh misionaris Kristen di tahun 1970an. Suku Korowai di Papua tinggal di pedalaman terpencil di Papua dan telah mengisolasi diri dari belahan dunia lainnya sampai ditemukan oleh misionaris Kristen.

Suku Korowai di Papua, memiliki tradisi, bahasa, dan budaya yang sangat berbeda dari suku Papua lainnya yang lebih terkenal seperti Dani, Asmat, dan lainnya. Misalnya, mereka tidak menggunakan koteka, salah satu barang paling ikonik dari Papua. Sebaliknya, mereka hanya menggunakan pakaian yang terbuat dari daun. Tidak hanya itu, suku Korowai di Papua membangun rumah mereka di puncak pohon, dengan ketinggian yang bisa mencapai sekitar 50 meter di atas permukaan tanah. Rumah-rumah ini disebut Rumah Tinggi atau Rumah Tinggi. Rumah-rumah ini dirancang oleh suku Korowai di Papua untuk melindungi mereka dari serangan banjir, api, dan hewan liar.

Suku Korowai juga dikenal sebagai pemburu hebat yang berburu makanan mereka. Mereka biasanya berburu binatang liar seperti babi hutan, kasuari, ular, kadal, dan rusa. Namun ada kesalahpahaman bahwa suku Korowai juga termasuk manusia dalam rantai makanan mereka. Benar, bahwa suku Korowai mempraktekkan kanibalisme. Tapi, mereka tidak mengkonsumsi manusia karena kelaparan atau kebutuhan makan. Mereka mengkonsumsi manusia sebagai bentuk hukuman bagi mereka yang dianggap bersalah karena melakukan sihir (khuakhua). Ya, Anda membacanya dengan benar. Kanibalisme di suku Korowai adalah bagian dari sistem peradilan mereka. Daging khuakhua biasanya dibagi ke semua anggota desa di suku mereka. Namun, seiring waktu, dan suku Korowai menjadi semakin terbuka terhadap dunia luar, tradisi kanibalisme ini perlahan berkurang.

Karena isolasi dan keunikan budaya mereka, banyak ilmuwan datang ke Papua untuk mempelajarinya. Kasus pertama studi suku Korowai terjadi pada tahun 1979 oleh misionaris Belanda. Kemudian dia membangun sebuah pemukiman yang disebut Yarinuma. Sejak saat itu, suku Korowai di Papua telah membuka diri terhadap dunia luar. Tim dokumenter Human Planet, BBC, bahkan datang dan mengunjungi mereka pada Januari - Februari 2011, untuk merekam budaya unik tersebut. Seorang antropolog dari Reed College, Oregon, Rupert Stasch, bahkan pernah tinggal bersama mereka selama 16 bulan untuk belajar dan mengamati kebudayaan mereka.

Sumber: http://papuanews.org/korowai-tribe-papua/


Selasa, 23 Januari 2018

Tugas PBIBK 4

4SA01
Dhea Paramitha      12614587
Inggrid Diani            15614342
M. Nur Sandy          17614442
Shabrina Zakaria    1A614181

Choose the INCORRECT answer, then give the CORRECTION and EXPLANATION !

1.      Zoos in New Orleans, San Diego, Detroit, and the Bronx have become biological
A
parks where animals roams free and people watch from across a moat.
B                           C                                 D

Answer: C. Roams free
Correction: Roam free
Explanation: The subject "zoos" is plural , so the verb should be "roam" (without s)

2.      George has not completed the assignment yet,  and Maria hasn’t neither
A                                 B             C                             D

Answer: D. Hasn't neither
Correction: Hasn't either
Explanation: Hasn't neither means Maria has completed the assignment (because negative + negative = positive). So the word "neither" should be changed into "either).

3.      Hanny enjoyed to be able to meet several Congress members during her vacation.
          A           B               C                                                        D

Answer: A. To be
Correction: Being
Explanation: Because "to be" here should be function as adjective so it must be "being"


4.      No one would have attended the lecture if you told the truth about
      A                                       B         C
the guest speaker.
                  D

Answer: B. Told
Correction: Had told
Explanation:
In if clause sentence, would have will follow with had + v3 (past perfect) or we know as conditional sentence type 3. So the word "told" must change into "had told"

5.      Marie has registered for both the afternoon anthropology class as well as
             A                                                                                      B
the evening sociology lecture.
C               D

Answer: B. As well As
Correction : And
Explanation :
In this case, "as well as" should be changed to "and" because it shows an additional word that has the same meaning

6.      Compact discs are affected neither by scratching and by dust.
       A       B                   C                    D

Answer: D. And
Correction : Nor
Explanation : because a word "neither" always connect with "nor"

7.      Plastics used to make textiles can be drawn into fine threads, then woven or knit
    A                         B                     C          D
into fabrics.

Answer: D. Knit
Correction : Knitted
Explanation : the sentence uses simple past tense, so the verb "knit" has to be changed to past tense verb (v2)

8.      Henry David Thoreau stressed the importance in individuality and of living
       A                                                  B
in harmony with nature.
         C                  D

Answer: B. Of living
Correction: Living
Explanation:

9.      The coach was depending for his team to win the game so that they would have a
    A                             B                       C
chance to play in the Super Bowl.
          D

Answer: A. Depending for
Correction: Depending on
Explanation: Because the verb “depend” should be followed by the preposition “on”.

10.  According to Freud, mental life is characterized by internal conflicts who are largely
                       A                                                         B                                             C               D
                  unconscious.

Answer: C. who
Correction: Which or that
Explanation:
Because "internal conflicts" is noun and the correct answer is which or that.



Senin, 20 November 2017

Tugas 3 PBIBK

Inggrid Diani Prihastari
15614342
4SA01

Soal A
3. Water  boil  at  212 degrees F, and freezes at 32 degrees F.
       A      B     C                                     D
The answer is B. The reason is the water could change into ‘it’ so the verb should be ‘boils’ because it use present tense and it show the fact.

Soal B
4         4.  When she retired in 1989, tennis champion  Christine Evert was the most 
                A                             B                                                     C            
famous women athlete  in the United Stated.
                  D
The answer is A because in this sentences there is two predicats. So it should be ‘retiring’ as adjective.

Soal B
2 2.  Peter had already saw  that musical before  he  read  the reviews about it.
                        A                                    B               C                           D
The answer is A because the sentence use perfect tense so the answer should be ‘already seen’.


Senin, 16 Oktober 2017

Tugas 2 PBIBK (softskill)

3SA01
Dhea Paramitha      12614587
Inggrid Diani            15614342
M. Nur Sandy          17614442
Shabrina Zakaria    1A614181

Direct Sentences
Indirect Sentences
"The iPhones 8 check every box a phone has ever checked before, but they feel like the last of something right as Apple and others prepare the first of something else," he wrote.
Spoonauer had written that the iPhones 8 check every box a phone has ever checked before, but they feel like the last of something right as Apple and others prepare the first of something else.
"When your phone can see you, and see the world," he continued, "it will change what a phone is, and does, and can be. This fall, Apple's giving you a choice: get a seat on the best piston airliner ever, or take a chance on jet engines."
Spoonauer said that when your phone can see you and see the world, it will change what a phone is, does, and can be. This fall, Apple’s giving you a choice: get a seat on the best piston airliner ever, or take a chance on jet engines.
"They pack a ton of improvements, including the fastest processor ever in a phone (seriously, it puts many laptops to shame), better cameras (especially on the iPhone 8 Plus) and wireless charging (yeah, it's overdue)," he wrote.
Spoonauer had written that they pack a ton of improvements, including the fastest processor ever in a phone (It puts many laptops to shame),  better cameras (Especially on the iPhone 8 Plus) and wireless charging (It's overdue).
"This chip absolutely smokes every Android phone on the planet," Spoonauer said.
Spoonauer said that the chip absolutely smokes every Android phone on the planet.
"Overall, my pick between the two new iPhones is the iPhone 8 Plus. It gives you a significantly bigger screen than the iPhone 8, longer battery life and more versatile dual cameras for just $100 more," he pointed out.
He pointed out that he picked between two new iPhones was the iPhone 8 plus. It gave us a significantly bigger screen than the iPhone 8, longer battery life and more versatile dual cameras for just $100 more.
"The regular iPhone 8 is good," Spoonauer continued, "but 4.7 inches just doesn't cut it for me anymore."
Spoonauer said that the regular iPhone 8 was good, but 4,7 inches just didnt cut it for him anymore.
"The iPhone 8 reminds me of the fifth Transformersmovie -- you know it's new, though you can't for the life of you figure out how it's different," wrote Geoffrey A. Fowler for The Wall Street Journal.
Geoffrey A. Fowler had written for The Wall Street Journal that the iPhone 8 reminded him of the fifth transformers movie - we know its new, though we cant for the life of us figure out how its different.
"On its face, the 8 looks like an iPhone from 2014," he added.
He added that on its face, the 8 looked like an iPhone from 2014.
"There are enough changes to the design and functionality so that I would give it a full number increase and not an 'S' designator," he told TechNewsWorld.
Spoonauer told TechNewsWorld that there are enough   changes to the design and functionality so that he would give it a full number increase and not an 'S' designator.
"They're conventional, but that doesn't mean they're inherently lacking -- far from it, in fact," he wrote.
Spoonauer had written that they are conventional, but that does not mean they are inherently lacking – far from it, in fact.
"While I suspect all iPhones will look like the iPhone X soon enough," Velazco continued, "the 8 and 8 Plus are expertly built, high-performance devices for people who want to ease into Apple's vision of the future."
Velazco said that while he suspect all iPhones will look like the iPhone X soon enough. The 8 and 8 Plus are expertly built, high-performance devices for people who want to ease into Apple’s vision of the future.
"The iPhone 8 Plus shares a powerful foundation with the iPhone 8, but a few features give it a distinct advantage over its little brother," he wrote. "Its 12-megapixel dual camera is one of the best we've used, and its bigger battery means it'll stick around longer on a charge than the iPhone 8."
Velazco had written that  The iPhone 8 Plus shares a powerful foundation with the iPhone 8, but a few features give it a distinct advantage over its little brother.  Its 12-megapixel dual camera is one of the best we've used, and its bigger battery means it'll stick around longer on a charge than the iPhone 8.
"The iPhone 8 Plus is a superlative phone with a spectacular camera, but wait for the upcoming iPhone X before buying: it promises to fold all of the key features of the 8 Plus into a smaller, sexier package," he wrote.
He had written that The iPhone 8 Plus is a superlative phone with a spectacular camera, but wait for the upcoming iPhone X before buying: it promises to fold all of the key features of the 8 Plus into a smaller, sexier package.
"So the 8 improves enough on the most important aspects of a phone -- the display, the camera, performance and reliability -- to make me recommend it over the iPhone 7, even if you can pick up the latter for less," he wrote.
He had written that the 8 improved enough on the most important aspects of a phone -- the display, the camera, performance and reliability -- to made him recommend it over the iPhone 7, even if you could pick up the latter for less.
"Apple will have a challenge convincing users to upgrade to an 8 with the X release date looming," said David McQueen, research director at ABI Research.
David McQueen, research director at ABI Research said that Apple would have a challenge convincing users to upgrade to an 8 with the X release date looming.
"They're really just an s upgrade," he told TechNewsWorld.
He told TechNewsWorld that they were really just an s upgrade.
"the iPhone connoisseurs most certainly will wait a little longer to get their hands on the best phone ever produced by Apple," he told TechNewsWorld.
He told TechNewsWorld that the iPhone connoisseurs most certainly would wait a little longer to get their hands on the best phone ever produced by Apple.
"The audience for the iPhone X in its first year will be the early adopters and those who can afford to spend the money on it," said Tim Bajarin, president of Creative Strategies.
Tim Bajarin, president of Creative Strategies said that  the audience for the iPhone X in its first year would be the early adopters and those who could afford to spend the money on it.
"That represents about a third of all who will buy the new iPhones." he told TechNewsWorld. "But two-thirds will opt for the iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, because they're less expensive, yet have increased power and features over last year's models." 
He told TechNewsWorld that represented about a third of all who would buy the new iPhones. But two-thirds would opt for the  iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, because they were less expensive, yet had increased power and features over last year's models


Senin, 02 Oktober 2017

Tugas 1 PBIBK (SOFTSKILL)

3SA01
Dhea Paramitha      12614587
Inggrid Diani           15614342
M. Nur Sandy          17614442
Shabrina Zakaria    1A614181

Apple's Worthy iPhone 8 Models May Languish in X's Shadow
PrintEmail
By John P. Mello Jr. 
Sep 20, 2017 5:00 AM PT

Reviews of Apple's new iPhone 8 and 8 Plus started turning up this week, and for the most part, they've been laudatory. However, the reviewers can't seem to get their minds off the jewel of the Apple universe, the iPhone X.
Both the iPhone 8 and 8 Plus are "awesome" and better than last year's models -- but iPhone shoppers who want to be part of the future will save their money and buy an iPhone X later in the year, suggested David Pierce for Wired.
"The iPhones 8 check every box a phone has ever checked before, but they feel like the last of something right as Apple and others prepare the first of something else," he wrote.
"When your phone can see you, and see the world," he continued, "it will change what a phone is, and does, and can be. This fall, Apple's giving you a choice: get a seat on the best piston airliner ever, or take a chance on jet engines."
Smokes Android
While the X has hogged the spotlight, the 8s are more than mere consolation prizes, maintained Mark Spoonauer in his review for Tom's Guide.
"They pack a ton of improvements, including the fastest processor ever in a phone (seriously, it puts many laptops to shame), better cameras (especially on the iPhone 8 Plus) and wireless charging (yeah, it's overdue)," he wrote.
Especially impressive was the performance of the A11 Bionic processor in the new 8s. "This chip absolutely smokes every Android phone on the planet," Spoonauer said.
"Overall, my pick between the two new iPhones is the iPhone 8 Plus. It gives you a significantly bigger screen than the iPhone 8, longer battery life and more versatile dual cameras for just $100 more," he pointed out.
"The regular iPhone 8 is good," Spoonauer continued, "but 4.7 inches just doesn't cut it for me anymore."

iPhone 8 or 7s?
One point of controversy is whether the new iPhone models deserve the "8" designation or are just "s" versions of the iPhone 7 in a glass case.
"The iPhone 8 reminds me of the fifth Transformersmovie -- you know it's new, though you can't for the life of you figure out how it's different," wrote Geoffrey A. Fowler for The Wall Street Journal.
"On its face, the 8 looks like an iPhone from 2014," he added.
However, the switch to a glass back with wireless charging and the new processor validate a full number bump, argued Kevin Krewell, principal analyst at Tirias Research.
"There are enough changes to the design and functionality so that I would give it a full number increase and not an 'S' designator," he told TechNewsWorld.
Easing Into the Future
The 8s are familiar-looking phones that mostly operate the way people expect them to, observed Chris Velazco for Engadget.
"They're conventional, but that doesn't mean they're inherently lacking -- far from it, in fact," he wrote.
"While I suspect all iPhones will look like the iPhone X soon enough," Velazco continued, "the 8 and 8 Plus are expertly built, high-performance devices for people who want to ease into Apple's vision of the future."
Like other reviewers, Velazco preferred the 8 Plus over the 8.
"The iPhone 8 Plus shares a powerful foundation with the iPhone 8, but a few features give it a distinct advantage over its little brother," he wrote. "Its 12-megapixel dual camera is one of the best we've used, and its bigger battery means it'll stick around longer on a charge than the iPhone 8."
Though agreeing with assessments of the 8 Plus' chops, Cnet Senior Editor Scott Stein advised iPhone shoppers to pause before buying one.
"The iPhone 8 Plus is a superlative phone with a spectacular camera, but wait for the upcoming iPhone X before buying: it promises to fold all of the key features of the 8 Plus into a smaller, sexier package," he wrote.
Challenged by the X
The 8s aren't revolutionary like the X. They represent a continuation of what Apple has been doing for some time: tweaking and improving phones each year, noted James Titcomb for The Telegraph.
"So the 8 improves enough on the most important aspects of a phone -- the display, the camera, performance and reliability -- to make me recommend it over the iPhone 7, even if you can pick up the latter for less," he wrote.
Base iPhone 7 models sell for US$579 and the 7 Plus for $669. The 8 sells for $699 and the 8 Plus for $799.
Despite pricing differences between the 8s and the X, which sells for $999, Apple may have difficulty selling the lower-priced phones.
"Apple will have a challenge convincing users to upgrade to an 8 with the X release date looming," said David McQueen, research director at ABI Research.
"They're really just an s upgrade," he told TechNewsWorld.
The improvements in the 8s over the previous generation of iPhones and their pricing under $1,000 will be attractive to many Apple users, said Andreas Scherer, managing partner at Salto Partners.
However, "the iPhone connoisseurs most certainly will wait a little longer to get their hands on the best phone ever produced by Apple," he told TechNewsWorld.
Those connoisseurs will be a minority -- although a substantial minority -- of iPhone buyers, however.
"The audience for the iPhone X in its first year will be the early adopters and those who can afford to spend the money on it," said Tim Bajarin, president of Creative Strategies.
"That represents about a third of all who will buy the new iPhones." he told TechNewsWorld. "But two-thirds will opt for the iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, because they're less expensive, yet have increased power and features over last year's models." 


Noted: direct sentences are in blue highlight